Concepts and terms

Astroturfing

astroturfing · also Artificial turf

Disguising an orchestrated message as spontaneous grassroots support, hiding who is really behind it, for example with large numbers of fake accounts.

The term comes from AstroTurf, a brand of artificial turf, in contrast with genuine "grassroots" support. Common tactics include using large numbers of accounts to produce seemingly spontaneous posts, comments and likes.

The social-media analysis firm Agoratlas listed this mass production of fake content as one possible explanation for the especially large number of opposing posts on X.

Sources

In our stories

One riot, five French forums, five different worlds

Agoratlas listed mass-produced fake content among the possible explanations for X.

Where you look decides what you think "the French" think →

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Last updated 2026-10-22 · Suggest a correction